对城市公用事业市场化改革道路的探讨

Discussion on the way of market-oriented reform of urban utility

当前我国公用事业改革和发展,落后于我国整体的改革和发展步伐。我国城市公用事业现行体制存在的问题主要表现为政企合一、权责不清,生产经营的低效率,成本高、经营效益差,投资主体单一等。同时公用事业自身具备通过市场化来运营的特征和有利条件,因此可以采用特许经营、资本市场融资、BOT项目融资等方式作为其市场化改革的途径。在改革的过程中,必须正确理解公用事业的市场化改革,统筹兼顾,全面推进,逐步深化,坚持普遍服务的原则,特别要注意保护弱势群体的权益。因此城市公用事业改革不能完全按照市场经济的规律运作。

The Chinese current reform of public utilities and its development is far behind China＇s overall pace of reform and development,and it is the industry need to be developed greatly.The problems of the current system of urban public utilities are mainly as the union of government and enterprise,unclear responsibilities,the low efficiency of production and management;high cost,poor operational efficiency;single investor,etc.At the same time,the public utilities have their own features and advantages to operate,so franchise,capital market financing,and BOT project financing,etc can be the main way for its market reform.In the process of reform,we should also pay attention to the proper understanding of marketoriented reform of public utilities,which must base on an integrated,comprehensive,and gradually deepening progress,adhere to the principle of universal service,and especially,pay special attention to the protection of the rights of vulnerable groups,so it can not be in full accordance with the operation of the law of market economy.