常熟沿江湿地植物群落多样性与水质的关系

Relationship between plant community diversity and water quality of the Yangtze riverine wetland in Changshu

采用取样方法对常熟沿江湿地5个典型入江河口植物群落进行为期2年的调查和水质监测,研究各观测区内湿地植物群落多样性特征及其与水质的关系。结果表明,湿地植物群落主要有芦苇群落、水葱群落、扁秆藨草群落、慈菇群落和菰群落,群落组成结构简单;各观测区植物群落α多样性指数存在极显著差异(P<0.01),其中常浒河河口区各项α多样性指数最高,白茆塘河口区最低。除白茆塘河口区外,2010年物种丰富度、Shannon-W iener指数和种间相遇几率指数均高于2009年;除望虞河河口区外,2010年P ielou均匀度指数高于2009年。α多样性指数随水体中氨氮、高锰酸盐指数、五日生化需氧量、总氮、总磷含量的增加而上升(P<0.01或P<0.05),与水体的酸碱度无显著相关关系。

In order to investigate the plant community diversity status and its interaction with water quality in a riverine wetland, a two-year study was carried out in five different bayous along the Yangtze riverine wetland in Changshu, Jiangsu, using sampling method to survey the plant communities＇ species composition and diversity staius. The results showed： there were five major kinds of plant communities in the wetland, including Form. Phragmites australis, Form. Scirpus validus, Form. Scirpus planiculmis, Form. Sagittaria trifolia and Form. Vicia sepium, the community structures of which were simple. The a diversity indices significantly differed from each other in five observing areas. The Changhuhe area had the highest a diversity indices, while the indices in Baimaotang area were the low- est. Shannon-Wiener index and PIE index of 2010 in all observing areas were higher than those of 2009, except the Baimaotang area. While the Pielou evenness index of 2010 in all observing areas were higher than those of 2009, except the Wangyuhe area. The three a diversity indices increased with the increase of NH3-N, CODMn, BOD5, TN and TP pollutants in the wetland water, while had no significant correlation with pH.