世界足球主要联赛球员国际流动特征研究

Research on Features of International Mobility of World Major League Soccer Players

以2008-2009赛季世界职业足球一级市场(英超、西甲、意甲、德甲、法甲)和二级市场联赛(巴甲、阿甲、荷甲、俄超、日本联赛)注册球员为调研对象,对球员国际流动的一般特征及特殊性进行了量化分析。数据分析显示,一级市场联赛是世界职业足球发展的核心区域,主要招募来自东欧、南美洲和非洲球员,形成了全球精英球员供给分配的科层化结构。二级市场联赛大量启用本土球员,参与本土足球市场竞争。结论认为,世界足球主要联赛球员的国际流动是一个非常复杂的全球体育现象,诸如经济、政治、文化、语言、价值观、习俗、地理位置、历史殖民地、后殖民关系、国家双边交流、技战术风格打法等要素分别对其产生一定的作用影响,球员国际流动现象的产生是多种要素综合作用的结果。

By taking the registered players who participated in the first class leagues of world professional soccer market （FA Premier League, La Hga, Serie A, Bundesliga, L1） and second class league （CBSA, AD, DLO,RL, J league） as subjects, quantita- tive method was used to analyze the general features and particularities of the international mobility of players. Data shows that the first class leagues are the core area for the development of the world professional soccer, they recruited players from east Europe, south America and Mrica, created a hierarchy for the supply and distribution of the world＇s superior players. Second class markets hired mainly local players, and compete for the local soccer market. To draw a conclusion, the international mobility of world ma- jor league soccer players is a complex global sports phenomenon, factors like economies, politics, culture, language, value sys- tem, tradition, geographic location, historical colony, postcolonial relationship, cross - country communication, tactics and style could all have effects on it, and the mobility of international players is a product of several elements. Future designs should go further on one relatively independent phenomenon or case of the players＇ international mobility.