非洲信息通信技术应用的地理格局差异研究及对策

The Analysis of Appliance of ICTS in Africa

信息技术迅猛发展深刻影响社会经济发展和人们生活方式,而非洲正处于世界经济体系的最边缘,信息化的挑战源自边缘化与依附性并存。非洲面临贫困和数字鸿沟双重困境,使得信息通信技术在非洲的应用尤为重要。本文在综述了非洲信息技术项目进展和学者研究进展之后,从非洲东、西、南、北、中部5个地区分别选择3个信息化程度相对较好的国家,对比2000年、2008年两个时间点的信息通信技术应用情况,分析信息通信技术在非洲的应用特点,并提出发展措施。得出结论:非洲的技术应用明显落后于其他国家、地区,服务成本却远高于其他国家、地区,移动电话应用快于固定电话,互联网发展迅速但起点太低。因此,需要从政策、减贫、基础设施、产业等方面促进信息通信技术在非洲的应用。

The rapid development of information and communication technology profound influences on the socio-economic development and lifestyle.Africa is at the extreme edge of the world economy,and the challenges of information is mainly from the coexistence of marginalization and dependency.Africa faces the double dilemma of poverty and the digital divide,thus it is especially important to use information and communication technology in Africa.This article chooses 15 countries on behalf of different location in Africa,and analysis the situation of information and communication technology based on 2000-2008 data.Hope to provide theoretical guidance for the prosperity and development of information and communication technologies in Africa.The development of information and communication technology in Africa has the dominant features of support by the external.Since the nineties,scholars have begun to focus on the policy and application of information and communication technology,impact on the economic and social development in Africa.The use of technology in Africa is obviously lagging behind other countries and regions,but service cost is much higher than other countries and regions.The use of mobile phones is faster than fixed telephone in Africa.Internet is developing rapidly but low threshold in Africa.There are many measures on the appliance of information and communication technology in Africa,such as encourage countries to develop strategies and policy to promote international cooperation;achieve the objective of poverty reduction by the means of information and communication technology;for Egypt,South Africa as the core,spread and popularization of information and communication technology;actively guide the development of information industry in Africa and its application in various industries.In a word,African should make measures on policy,poverty alleviation,infrastructure,industrial and so on.