影响高原肺水肿发病、疗程及预后的相关因素分析

Analysis of correlation factors influencing morbility,course of treatment and prognosis of high altitude pulmonary edema

目的研究影响高原肺水肿(HAPE)发病、疗程、预后的主要相关因素。方法对我院2010年5月～2011年5月收治的72例HAPE患者进行分析,对年龄、是否习服、是否预服药、既往有无高血压、肺病等相关病史、是否吸烟及发病时间、诊治时间长短、并发症等进行相关分析。结果本病发生年龄以青中年为主,无明显年龄区分;习服与发病及治疗关系密切,而正规习服1 w又较不及1 w者有明显差别;未服药者发病以重症患者较多,既往有基础病者治愈率明显降低,并发症较多;吸烟者发病率与不吸烟者因患者数较少,未见明显区别;发病以冬春两季较为多见,而在夏季发病相对较少。结论为预防高原病,应正规习服,预服药可大大减少发病率,有相关疾病者尽量不要进入高原地区,本病发病以冬春两季多见,尽量安排夏季入藏。

Objective To study the main correlation factors influencing the morbility,course of treatment and prognosis of high altitude pulmonary edema（HAPE）.Methods 72 patients with HAPE,who were admitted in our hospital from May 2010 to May 2011,were chosen and their age,course of disease,length of cure time and complications were analyzed.Whether obtaining hypoxic acclimatization,taking preventive medicinces,having past history such as hypertension and pulmonary disease,and smoking or not were also analyzed.Results Young and middle-aged people were the main sufferers of HAPE,but there were no significant differences among various ages.Acclimatization had a close relationship with the morbility and time of therapy.There were significant differences between patients obtaining regular acclimatization for 1 w and those for less than 1 w.Those without taking preventive medicines suffered severer HAPE and the patients with other diseases had lower cure rate and more complications.There were no significant differences between smokers and non-smokers.The morbility in spring and winter was much higher than that in summer.Conclusion In order to prevent high altitude disease,people should obtain regular acclimatization.Preventive medicines can decrease morbility largely.It is recommended that the patients with relative diseases should not enter high altitude.It is better to enter high altitude in summer than in spring and winter.