在物化之后寻找人——卢卡奇《历史与阶级意识》解读

Looking for Man in the Materialized World: An Interpretation of Lukacs' History and Class Consciousness

青年卢卡奇创造性地提出了物化的概念,这与马克思的异化劳动十分相像。不过,卢卡奇的物化主要是对资本主义的负面批评,而马克思的异化劳动则看到了辩证性的一面。卢卡奇认为克服物化的方法是总体性,而总体性的执行者是无产阶级,但这种思想却有使无产阶级物化的危险。今天,克服物化仍是这个社会的主要问题,我们还是应该回到马克思关于实践的前提下,以更加丰富和多元的姿态来理解总体性,从而寻找人本身。

Lukacs creatively put forward the theory of materialization,which is pretty similar to Marxian alienated labor.However,Lukacs＇ materialization mainly criticized the negative side of capitalism,while Maxis＇ alienated labor contains the dialectical side.Lukacs thinks that the way of overcoming materialization is totality,the executor of which is proletariat,but the thought has the danger of materializing proletariat themselves.Overcoming materialization is still a primary social problem nowadays,and we should base on Marxian practice as we used to,to understand totality in a way of pluralism,from which man itself will be found.