脱硫废弃物改良盐碱地对水稻生长发育及土壤的影响

Effect of Desulphurization Waste on Rice Growing Development and Soil

采用田间试验方法,以改良龟裂碱土为目标,研究施用脱硫废弃物改良盐碱地对水稻生长发育及土壤的影响.结果表明,水稻常规栽培、管理条件下,在盐碱地中施加脱硫废弃物能够改善水稻的生长发育,即增大水稻叶面积指数,提高水稻生物量和产量.当脱硫废弃物+改良剂施用量为(2.5t+0.5t)/666.7m2,泡水量定额为100m3/666.7m2时,碱化土壤的改良效果最佳;与对照组相比,水稻的叶面积指数、生物量和产量分别增加了56.4%,232.9%,259.6%;水稻穗粒数、千粒重、穗长明显增加,空秕率显著降低.同时,施用脱硫废弃物种植水稻后,土壤中的n(Na++K+)/n(Ca2++Mg2+)明显降低,说明施加脱硫废弃物有利于土壤中交换性Na+的代换,从而降低了Na+导致的危害.

The effect of desulphurization waste on the rice growth development and the soil environment are studied when the different amounts of desulphurization waste are applied in the saline-alkali soils of Ningxia. The results show that when the saline-alkali soils are fertilized the different amounts of desulphurized waste, the growth development of rice are improved, rice leaf area are increased, rice biomass and yield are increased. The amount of the desulphurized waste q-amendments is （2. 5 ＋0. 5）t/666. 7 m^2 and the irrigation water volume is 100 m^3/666.7 m^2 ,which is the best experiment treatment to improve the saline-alkali soil. Compared with the controlling the rice leaf area index, dry weight and yield is increased 56.4 % ,232.9% and 259.6 %, respectively. The number of grains per head, the weight of one thousand grains and the length of rice＇s neck are obviously increased, the rice sterile grain rate is significantly decreased. After the rice field are used with desulphurized waste, the proportion of Na^＋ ＋ K^＋/Ca^2＋ ＋Mg^2＋ in soil are decreased. Therefore, it is concluded that exchangeable sodium ion in soil is easily replaced by calcium ion, the effect of sodium ion on the soil ecosystem and rice growth are declined owning to irrigation and the desulphurized waste during rice growth.