相对人行政法行为的效力研究

Research on the Force of the Administrative Law Behavior of the Private Party

相对人行政法行为要在行政过程中发挥其监督、沟通等效用,最重要的是对其效力的保证。相对人行政法行为的效力具有促进行政民主、实现行政法治和保障相对人的合法权益的意义。相对人行政法行为效力的正当性基础在于公共利益与个人利益的平衡和行政公共性在实践中的缺失,相对人行政法行为的效力空间在于行政行为效力的有限性和阶段性。因此,其效力体系的建立应该以相对人行政法行为效力与行政行为效力的平衡作为指导思想,由启动力、沟通力、救济力、信赖力等内容构成,其中启动力是相对人介入行政过程的前提,沟通力是相对人真正地介入行政过程,相对人行政法行为行政行为相融合的表现,救济力和信赖力则是相对人介入行政过程的保障。

The guarantee of the force is the most important as the effect of supervision,communication of the administrative law behavior of the private party must be brought into play.The force of the administrative law behavior of the private party can promote administrative democracy,realize rule of administrative law and protect rights and interests of the private party.The legitimate basis for the force is the balance between the public interest and the private interest,and the diminution of public nature of administration in practice,meanwhile,the legitimate room for the force is the limitation and phase of the force of administrative behavior.Therefore,the force system should be based on the bal- ance of the force of the administrative law behavior of the private party and the administrative behavior.The system of the force should be composed of the force of starter,the force of communication,the force of remedy and the force of confidence and so on.Among them,the force of starter is the premise of the private party participating in the administrative process,the force of the communication is expression of the private party really participating in the administrative process and the harmony of the administrative subject and the private party,the force of remedy and the force of community is the guarantee for the participation.