提高微创经皮肾取石术患者对导尿管耐受性的护理研究与效果

Nursing research and effect of improving tolerance to catheter on patients with minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy

目的探讨提高微创经皮肾取石术（MPCNL）患者对导尿管耐受性的护理方法。方法根据手术日单双将116例MPCNL患者分为观察组（单日手术者，52例）和对照组（双日手术者，64例）。对照组给予常规护理，观察组在常规护理基础上实施术前认知行为干预及术后运用分散注意力方法控制尿道刺激症状。比较两组患者术后24h、72h对留置导尿管的舒适度及术后全麻苏醒期躁动分值。结果观察组术后24h、72h对留置尿管的舒适度显著高于对照组（均P〈0．01），两组术后全麻苏醒期躁动分值比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论MPCNL患者对尿管刺激应激是完全可以通过非药物治疗的护理方法，去降低应激水平，提高患者对留置导尿管的耐受性，提高患者的舒适度。

Objective To investigate the nursing methods of improving tolerance to catheter on patients with minimally invasive pereutaneous nephrollthotomy （MPCNL） . Methods According to the odd - numbered days and even - numbered days of surgery , 116 patients who underwent MPCNL were divided into observation group （ odd - numbered days surgery, 52 cases） and control group （ even - numbered surgery, 64 eases） . Patients in the control group were treated with the conventional nursing. Patients in observation group were implemented preoperative cognitive behavioral intervention and used distraction methods to control postoperative urethral irritation, on the ba- sis of postoperative 24 h, 72 h comfort of catheterization and postoperative anesthesia scores of agitation were compared between the two groups. Results Postoperative 24 h, 72 h comfort of catheterization in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P 〈0. 01 ） . Compared the postoperative anesthesia agitation scores of the two groups, the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0. 01 ） . Conclusions The stimulate catheter stress can reduce stress levels completely through the nursing of non - drug treatment methods. That can improve patients tolerance of the indwelling catheter and enhance patients comfort.