人工流产妇女避孕行为调查及干预

Investigation and intervene of contraceptive behaviors in induced abortion women

目的了解人工流产妇女避孕行为及进行避孕指导后避孕行为改变情况。方法采用整群抽样的方法,选取2010年5～10月在浙江省东阳市人民医院门诊自愿要求行人工流产术的861例妇女进行流产前问卷调查,然后将其随机分组,对照组429例常规处理,干预组432例进行避孕知识宣传教育,流产后再进行问卷调查。结果被调查者本地人口占42.86%,外来人口57.14%。避孕失败是导致本次流产的主要原因。除外51例胚胎发育不良在门诊流产患者,861例患者中因未避孕行人工流产术的357例(41.46%),且37.28%为第一次人工流产,其中不知道避孕措施的占3.14%。流产后干预组准备采取避孕的比例(98.61%)高于对照组(63.64%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组经过宣传教育,使用男用避孕套、宫内节育器避孕的人数增加,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组使用口服避孕药的人数有所增加,但与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论流产后避孕宣传教育能加强妇女避孕意识,但基层医院人工流产妇女对口服避孕药的依从性仍较差。

Objective To investigate contraceptive behaviors of induced abortion women and after contraception guidance the changes of contraceptive behavior. Methods The questionnaire were carried for 861 cases with induced abortion in Outpatient Department of Dongyang People＇s Hospital of Zhejiang Province by cluster sampling method from May to October 2010. Collected 861 cases were randomly divided into control group with conventional treatment and intervention group with contraception guidance and the same questionnaire survey after induced abortion. Results The investigation results indicated the local population accounted for 42. 86% and the other 57.14% were floating population. Contraceptive failure was the main cause of this induced abortion in the research. Except 51 cases induced for the dysontogenesis, 357 cases accounting for 41.46% were carried induced abortion without any contraception among 861 cases in questionnaires. Some cases with first induced abortion accounted for 37. 28% and some other unknowing contraception accounted for 3. 14%. More women took contraceptive measures in intervention group than those in control group that the difference of contraception usage rate was significant （P 〈 0. 05 ） between two groups. More people took male condoms and intrauterine contraception after education in intervention group than those in control group that the difference was significant （ P 〈 O. 05 ） between two groups. The difference of cases with oral contraception was no significant between two group （P 〉 O. 05 ）. Conclusion The publicizing and education of contraception can strengthen the consciousness of birth control while the compliance of oral contraceptives in abortion women in basic - level hospital is very poor.