GL6466轻型客车车身结构轻量化优化研究

Study on Mass Reduction Optimization for GL6466 Light Bus Body Structure

用梁单元建立了GL6466型轻型客车车身骨架有限元模型,并验证了模型准确性。以车身总质量为目标函数,选取车身骨架主要型材的截面参数为设计变量,以车身弯曲刚度和扭转刚度、关键部位应力、1阶扭转固有频率为约束条件,进行灵敏度分析。根据灵敏度分析结果确定优化设计变量,对该轻型客车车身结构进行优化后,车身总质量减轻8.1%,而车身刚度、强度以及1阶扭转固有频率在可接受范围内。

Finite element model of body frame of GL6466 light bus was established with beam element and proved to be accurate with experiments.With total body mass as the objective function,and section parameters of the body frame are chosen as design variables,sensitivity analysis was made with the constraints of low-order natural frequency and body bending stiffness and stress around the critical areas.Variables of the optimized design are defined according to result of sensitive analysis.After the optimization design,the total mass of the light bus body was reduced by 8.1%,whereas body stiffness,strength and first-order natural frequency still meet the performance requirements.