呼吸重症监护病房医院感染危险因素分析

Risk factors of nosocomial infections in respiratory intensive care unit

目的探讨呼吸重症监护病房(RICU)医院感染的特点、危险因素及对预后的影响。方法回顾性调查2010年1-12月入住RICU>48h患者的病例资料,对结果进行分析。结果 RICU医院感染率为30.63%(14.51/千住院日),例次感染率为45.05%(21.33/千住院日);最常见的感染部位是下呼吸道,占86.00%;最常见的病原菌是鲍氏不动杆菌,占37.50%;患者伴有肿瘤、联合使用抗菌药物>2种、有创机械通气>7d是医院感染的独立危险因素;医院感染是患者死亡的独立危险因素。结论 RICU医院感染是多因素共同作用的结果;医院感染增加RICU患者死亡风险。

OBJECTIVE To determine the epidemiology,risk factors and outcome of nosocomial infections in the RICU.METHODS Retrospective investigation was performed on the clinical data of the patients 48 hours tater after to the RICU from Jan 2010 to Dec 2010.RESULTS Nosocomial infection rate of the RICU was 30.6%（14.5 per 1000 patient days）,case infection rate was 45.0%（21.3 per 1000 patient days）.The most common site of infection was lower respiratory tract.The most common organism was Acinetobacter baumannii.Tumor,using over two types of antibiotics,mechanic ventilation more than seven days were the independent risk factors for the nosocomial infection.Nosocomial infection was independent risk factor for patients death.CONCLUSIONS Multi-various factors contribute to nosocomial infection in RICU.Nosocomial infection increases the risk of death in RICU patients.