通脉方化学成分

Chemical Constituents of Tongmai Formula

目的:研究通脉方(葛根、丹参、川芎)的化学成分,为中药复方物质基础研究提供示范。方法:采用大孔吸附树脂、硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、反相高效液相色谱等柱色谱法进行分离、纯化,根据化合物的理化性质和谱学数据鉴定其结构。结果:从通脉方水提取物中分离得到34个化合物,分别鉴定为:丹参酮I(1)、隐丹参酮(2)、二氢丹参酮I(3)、芒柄花素(4)、原儿茶醛(5)、大豆苷元(6)、反式-阿魏酸(7)、芒柄花苷(8)、5-羟基芒柄花苷(9)、洋川芎内酯H(10)、葛根苷D(11)、染料木苷(12)、大豆苷(13)、3'-甲氧基葛根素(14)、芒柄花素-8-C-β-D-呋喃芹糖基-(1→6)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(15)、芒柄花素-7-O-β-D-呋喃芹糖基-(1→6)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(16)、澳白檀苷(17)、5,7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄酮-7-O-β-D-木糖基-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(18)、鹰嘴豆芽素A-8-C-β-D-呋喃芹糖基-(1→6)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(19)、葛根素(20)、蔗糖(21)、腺嘌呤核苷(22)、葛根素芹菜糖苷(23)、3'-羟基葛根素(24)、3'-甲氧基大豆苷元-7,4'-二-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(25)、大豆苷元-7,4'-O-葡萄糖苷(26)、3'-甲氧基大豆苷(27)、芒柄花素-8-C-β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→6)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(28)、染料木素-7-O-β-D-呋喃芹糖基-(1→6)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(29)、染料木素-8-C-呋喃芹糖基-(1→6)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(30)、大豆苷元-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(31)、大豆苷元-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(32)、3'-羟基葛根素芹菜糖苷(33)、6″-O-D-木糖基葛根素(34)。结论:综合以上及葛根、丹参、川芎单味药材化学成分的研究结果,判断通脉方主要化学成分为异黄酮类,来源于组方中的葛根;3个丹参酮类化合物来源于组方中的丹参;洋川芎内酯H来源于组方中的川芎。虽然单味药材的化学成分在复方中皆有体现,但主要是君药葛根的化学成分。16,17,29为首次从葛根及葛属中分离得到。

Objective： To study the chemical constituents of Tongmai formula and set an example for its bioactive substances foundation investigation.Method： The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by column chromatography of macroporous resin,silica gel,Sephadex LH-20 and reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography,and their structures were identified by physico-chemical properties and spectrum analysis.Result： Thirty-four compounds were separated and identified as tanshinone I（1）,cryptotanshinone（2）,dihydrotanshinone I（3）,formononetin（4）,protocatechuic aldehyde（5）,daidzein（6）,trans-ferulic acid（7）,ononin（8）,5-hydroxylononin（9）,senkyunolide H（10）,（4R）-3-[2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl]-4-（4-β-D-glucopyranosyloxybenzyl）-but-2-en-4-olide（pueroside D,11）,genistin（12）,daidzin（13）,3′-methoxypuerarin（14）,formononetin-8-C-β-D-apiofuranosyl-（1→6）-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（15）,formononetin-7-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-（1→6）-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（16）,lanceolarin（17）,kakkanin（18）,biochanin A-8-C-β-D-apiofuranosyl-（1→6）-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（19）,puerarin（20）,sucrose（21）,adenosine（22）,mirificin（23）,3′-hydroxypuerarin（24）,3′-methoxydaidzein-7,4′-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（25）,daidzein-7,4′-O-glucoside（26）,3′-methoxydaidzin（27）,formononetin-8-C-β-D-xylopyranosyl-（1→6）-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（28）,genistein-7-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-（1→6）-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（ambocin,29）,genistein-8-C-apiofuranosyl-（1→6）-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（30）,daidzein-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→4）-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（31）,daidzein-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（1→4）-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（32）,3′-hydroxymirificin（33）,6″-O-D-xylosylpuerarin（34）.Conclusion： On the basis of the above mentioned results and previously reported chemical studies on the Puerariae Lobatae Radix,Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,and Chuanxiong Rhizoma,it was suggested that the main chemical components were isoflavanoid compounds rised from the Puerariae Lobatae Radix,and the secondary components were tanshinones rised from the Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,and senkyunolide H rised from the Chuanxiong Rhizoma in the Tongmai formula.Compaunds 16,17,29 were isolated from Puerariae Lobatae Radix and the genus Pueraria DC.for the first time.