碳纳米管/炭黑并用导电橡胶的制备与性能研究

Preparation and property of conductive rubber co-filled by carbon nanotubes and carbon black

文章基于溶液共混法,制成了一种新型的碳纳米管/炭黑/硅胶多相复合材料。实验利用TEM、压阻测试平台等手段表征和分析了碳纳米管的功能化、添加比例对复合材料性能的影响。实验结果表明:功能化可以有效改善碳纳米管的表面特性,进而改善其在聚合物中的分散性;不同维度纳米材料(碳纳米管/炭黑)的并用会在橡胶体系中形成"葡萄串"结构,远程导电网络和近程导电网络相互补充,有助于增强导电网络的稳定性,提高复合材料的电学和热学稳定性。功能化碳纳米管与炭黑的体积比为4∶21时制备的复合材料具有良好的电学和温度稳定性,压阻线性较好,可以满足柔性触觉传感器的制作需要。

Based on the method of solution blending, the carbon nanotubes/carbon black co-filled con- ductive rubber were prepared. The samples were characterized by TEM and piezoresistive tester, and the effects of the functionalization and filler proportion of carbon nanotubes on the properties of the composite material were investigated. The experimental results show that the functionalized carbon nanotubes have better dispersivity in polymers due to their improved surface properties. The synergy of carbon nanotubes and carbon black particles forms a grapeqike structure in the rubber system and the long-distance and short-distance conductive networks can complement each other, consequently enhancing the stability of the conductive network and the electrical and thermal stability of the com- posite material. When the filler proportion of functionalized carbon nanotubes and carbon black is 4 ： 21, the optimal electrical and temperature stability and piezoresistive linearity of the composite material can be obtained, which satisfies the manufacturing requirements of the flexible tactile sensor.