深圳城中村违法建筑现象的经济学视野分析

The Analysis on the Illegal Building in Urban Village in Shenzhen

城中村是城市化进程中城市不断扩张的产物,城中村问题是我国城市化进程中共同关注的重要课题,也是国内学者研究的焦点问题之一。本文通过对深圳城中村违法建筑现象进行研究发现,城中村违法建筑的形成与城中村的土地供求、土地权属、地价等因素息息相关。其中,土地供求关系是人地关系最直接、最基本的表现形式,而土地价值则是土地供求实现的基础。为更好地推动深圳城中村改造理论与实践研究,应针对城中村制定完善的土地、规划、建设等管理制度,充分运用法律、市场、社会、文化等各种手段,综合管理城中村;应针对历史遗留土地和房屋产权问题,彻底调查摸底,登记造册,制定相关处理政策和程序,及早理顺历史遗留的土地和房屋产权不清问题;应针对城中村土地管理问题,加大政府监督管理力度,健全完善城中村土地和房屋产权流转制度,加强对城中村村民的法制宣传和教育力度,提高村民综合素质;应健全城中村管理机构,派驻专业队伍到社区基层进行一线监督和管理;应制定科学合理的土地使用机制,严把土地供应关,加快出台扶持村集体经济发展的相关政策,鼓励和扶持村集体经济以各种方式进行城中村改造,消除城中村存余的空地、危房等城中村问题。

Urban village is the product of urbanization;the problem brought by urban village is one of the most important issues attracting more attention from scholars.Research on the illegal building in urban village in Shenzhen shows that there are close relations between the formation of illegal building in urban village and such factors as the supply and demand,property right and the price of the land in urban village.Among all these factors,the relationship between land supply and demand is the most direct and basic one;while the value of land is the basis for land supple and demand.To better promote research of the theory and practice of renovation of urban village,first,we should formulate regulations on land,planning and construction management,and give full play to the roles of law,market,society and culture;second,we should carry out investigation and registration,formulate related policy and procedure,and deal with the longstanding problem of the unclear property right of land and house;third,we should strengthen government supervision and management,improve the mechanism of property right transfer of land and house in urban village,strengthen legal publicity and education,and improve the quality of villagers;fourth,we should improve management agencies in urban village and appoint more professional inspectors;fifth,we should formulate scientific and rational mechanism for land use,strictly control land supply,accelerate formulation of related policies on how to promote the development of collective economy,and eliminate all the related problems of urban village.