论对悖论性思想实验逻辑重构的问题及其消解策略——以伽利略的自由落体实验为例

On the Problem of the Logical Reconstruction of the Paradoxical Thought Experiments and its Strategy——A Case Study on the Galileo's Free Fall

悖论性思想实验通过导出两难问题,致使科学理论发生革命性的变化,推动理论发生质的飞跃。伽利略的著名的自由落体思想实验便是悖论的典型。诺顿主张思想实验就是论据,他通过引入一个虚假的前提,以自由落体思想实验为例,将思想实验重构为一个论据,而布朗则坚持一种柏拉图式的思想实验的说明。事实上,无论是诺顿的论据观,还是布朗的柏拉图式的感知,他们对思想实验所作的说明都是存在问题的。协调论认为,伽利略的悖论性思想实验产生结论的相互矛盾的两个方面为一对相反解子,相反解子的提出,可有效地从逻辑上为伽利略的最终正确结论的得出找到合法的依据,与伽利略结论的得出方式完全相符。

Paradoxical thought experiments lead to revolutionary changes about scientific theories and promote the theories get a qualitative leap by exporting dilemma.Galileo＇s free fall,a famous thought experiment,is a typical paradox.Norton thinks that a thought experiment is an argument.He took Galileo＇s free fall as a case,leaded into a false premise to reconstruct the thought experiment as an argument.While Brown insisted on a Platonic account on thought experiments.In fact,either Norton＇s argument or Brown＇s Platonic account,is problematic.Coordination thinks that the two opposite solutions of Galileo＇s paradoxical thought experiment＇s conclusion is a pair of opposite answers,from the opposite answers,people can find a legal basis for Galileo＇s conclusions logically,and it corresponds to Galileo＇s way exactly.