湖南省饮水安全综合评价研究

Study on Comprehensive Assessment of Hunan Drinking Water Safety

针对湖南省饮水资源特征及现状,从水量、水质、供水三方面提出一个4层14指标的饮水安全综合评价指标体系;分别采用层次分析法、基于AHP的模糊集综合评价法、突变评价法,对湖南省各地市饮水安全进行综合评价;运用突变理论与聚类分析方法将全省饮水安全状况分为6个区,并分析各区突出的饮水问题。计算结果表明,郴州市饮水状况处于非常安全状态,益阳市、永州市及怀化市的饮水状况处于安全状态,湘潭市饮水状况处于不安全状态,其他地市(州)饮水状况处于基本安全状态;三种方法的对比分析表明,突变评价法计算简单、客观性强、结果较合理,能够反映不同地区饮水安全状态的差异性。

Based on the characteristics and the status of drinking water resources in Hunan Province, a comprehensive assessment index system which consists of 14 indicators with 4 layers is proposed from the aspects of water, water quality and water supply. AHP, fuzzy sets evaluation based AHP, sudden change evaluation methods are used to assess the drinking water safety in all cities of Hunan Province, respectively. According to the sudden change theory and cluster analysis, the whole province is divided into six areas and the serious drinking water problem of each area is also analyzed. The results show that the drinking water of Chenzhou city is in a very safe state; the drinking water of Yiyang, Yongzhou and Huaihua Cities are in a safe state; Xiangtan City is at risk of drinking water; other cities are in the basic safety state of drinking water. Compared with three methods, the sudden change evaluation method is simple and objective; the result is reasonable and it can reflect the different safety state of drinking water resources in different areas.