北京市水资源人口承载力再辨析

Re-discussion on population carry-capacity of water resources in Beijing

北京相对于国际人均水资源标准属于极度缺水的城市。随着首都社会经济的发展,人口规模也在不断膨胀,给水资源造成了越来越大的压力。很多学者都对北京市的水资源承载力进行过探讨,基本结论都是人口规模已经远远超过了水资源的承载力。然而,在实际人口不断突破所谓的水资源承载力时,人们在生产和生活中却没有明显感到水资源超载后的压力。本文从水资源承载力的概念以及基本计算原理出发,根据北京市实际水资源的利用情况,剖析了北京市水资源人口承载力的状态和人口压力,为相关的决策提供必要的咨询参考。

Beijing,a northern metropolitan city,is the capital of China,which is extremely lack of water,compared with the global per-capital water resources on average.With its social-economic development,the size of economy and population has been increasing continually,therefore water resources has been suffering bigger pressure.Many researchers have examined the carry-capacity of water resources in Beijing,and the main conclusion is that the population size surpasses the carry-capacity of water resources.However,with the continuing increase of population,the realistic population size has continually broken out the so-called carry-capacity of water resources,meanwhile people have not felt the pressure due to the over-carry of water resources.Why does this happen？ How do the water resources in Beijing carry its population？ From the perspective of water resources carry-capacity and the basic calculation theory,according to the realistic water resources used,this paper analyzes the situation of water resource carry-capacity in Beijing and population pressure,and proposes references for related policy decisions.