8种植物提取物对朱砂叶螨生物活性筛选及其研究

Biological Activity of Extracts from 8 Species of Plants Against Tetranychus Cinnabarinus

为了筛选出新型的植物源杀螨剂,采用叶螨浸茎浸渍法对室内8种植物提取物对朱砂叶螨的生物活性进行了研究。结果表明:侧柏叶、羊蹄根、地锦、石榴籽的粗提物对朱砂叶螨的生物活性较高,在20mg/mL时,其24h校正死亡率均大于90%;根据初筛结果,选取这4种生物活性较高的植物提取物进行毒力活性测定,结果按LC50值大小从低到高依次为:侧柏叶[(5.3221±0.0325)mg/mL]、地锦[(6.2726±0.0264)mg/mL]、羊蹄根[(7.9278±0.0256)mg/mL]、石榴籽[(9.2979±0.0194)mg/mL];此外研究了地锦、侧柏叶的杀卵作用、产卵抑制作用及趋避活性。在浓度为20mg/mL时,地锦、侧柏叶对雌成螨24h后的杀卵毒力分别为:(36.4650±0.0847)mg/mL,(96.8368±0.0762)mg/mL,产卵抑制率分别为:66.81%,48.29%,趋避率分别为:68.86%,35.40%。

To screen the new botanical acaricide,the biological activities of 8 species of plant extracts were measured in laboratory by leaching stem immersion method.The results showed that the biological activities of Platycladus orientalis（L.） France,Euphorbia australis L.,Rumex japonicas Houtt and Punica granatum Linn.at the concentration of 20 mg/mL were high,with corrected mortality over 90%,24 hours after treatment.According to the results of the above,the contact toxicities of these 4 plant extracts against Tetranychus cinnabarinus were tested and the LC 50 value of the 4 plant extracts,ranging from low to high,with plant Platycladus orientalis（L.） France at（5.3221±0.0325） mg/mL,followed by plant Euphorbia australis L.at [（6.2726±0.0264） mg/mL],plant Rumex japonicas Houtt at [（7.9278±0.0256） mg/mL] and Punica granatum Linn.at [（9.2979±0.0194） mg/mL].In addition,killing eggs role,Spawning inhibition and repellency activity of Platycladus orientalis（L.）France and Euphorbia australis L.were studied.And Killing eggs poisonous forces were respectively 36.4650 mg/mL,96.8368 mg/mL of platycladus orientalis（L.） France and Euphorbia australis L.at the concentration of 20 mg/mL for 24 hours,their oviposition inhibition were 66.81%,48.29%,and their repellency rate were 68.86%,35.40%.