中国城市空气质量分级管理策略探讨

Study on China's Classification Air Quality Management Strategy

本文在充分剖析我国现阶段城市环境空气质量及相关管理工作存在的主要问题的基础上,探讨了以改善城市空气质量兼顾城市群效应控制为重点的城市空气质量分级管理策略。研究提出,为适应新的污染特征和形势,国家应针对不同地区、不同污染来源特征、不同污染程度的各类城市实行分类指导和分级管理的思路。

After two decades of efforts, China＇s air pollution prevention and urban air quality management has achieved remarkable results. Overall, the primary pollutant concentration has significant reduced. However, there were still a great number cities which could not attain the Grade 2 standards for urban air quality. Even the cities could attained Grade 2 standards, their pollution concen- tration are equivalent to the cities in Europe and America 3-5 times. Thus further improving urban environment and air quality will remain be the key tasks of environmental protection for quite a long time. Due to the different levels of economic development and natural conditions, which resulted urban air quality varies according to different areas, there is no doubt it would be an issue for the state to guide cities to further improve air quality. Based on the analysis of the main problems existed in China＇s current urban air quality and management, this paper would discuss the classification air quality management strategy which focus on both of urban air quality improvement and urban agglomeration effect control. In order to meet the new air pollution characteristics and situation, the strategy proposed a new thought that state should give different guidance and management according to different regions＇ characteristics of pollution sources. It also emphasis on local government should take main responsibility on air pollution prevention, reflecting the differences in treatment, given the full autonomy to main responsibility government, and action-guiding whole process management.