纳米氧化锌真空控氧法的制备及杂质元素的行为

Preparation of nanometer ZnO with oxygen control byvacuum and behavior of impurity elements

以热镀锌渣为原料,空气为氧源,通过真空控氧法制得了纯度大于99.98%的纳米氧化锌,探讨了反应温度和体系的真空度对产物形貌的影响,研究了原料中的主要杂质元素在不同氧化条件下的行为及其对产物品质的影响.结果表明:不同的反应温度或体系的真空度对产物的形貌影响很大;当控制温度和真空度在适当范围时,产物大多为六方纤锌矿结构的纳米四针状氧化锌,针体细长,长径比较大;杂质元素Fe和Pb在不同氧化条件下的不同行为对产物品质产生不同的影响;铁进入产物主要是因为锌的机械夹带作用和Fe-Zn系正偏差效应,而铅进入产品中是因为自身的蒸气压和Pb-Zn系正偏差效应.

Nanometer zinc oxide was prepared through oxygen control by vacuum using hot galvanizing dross as raw materials and air as an oxygen source,and the product purity is up to 99.98%.The influences of the reaction temperature and the vacuum degree of the reaction system on the morphologies of the product were investigated.The behavior of main impurity elements and their influence on the product quality were studied under different oxidation conditions.It is shown that the reaction temperature and the vacuum degree of the reaction system have great influence on the morphologies of the product.The product is mostly hexagonal wurtzite structure of nanometer tetrapod ZnO,the needles are slender,and the length-to-diameter ratio is large at suitable temperature and vacuum degree.The different behaviors of impurity Fe and Pb affect the product quality in different ways under different oxidation conditions.The joining of Fe into the product is mainly due to mechanical entrainment of zinc and the positive bias effect of Fe-Zn systems;however,Pb joins in the product because of its evaporation pressure and the positive bias effect of Pb-Zn systems.