营养物质刺激肠道L细胞分泌GLP-1的机制

The mechanisms of nutrient-stimulated GLP-1 secretion from intestinal L-cells

在营养物质的刺激作用下，肠上皮的L细胞分泌胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1），后者具有控制餐后血糖和食欲的重要作用。这些营养物质包括糖类物质、蛋白质、脂类物质，其中糖类物质刺激L细胞分泌GLP-1的机制包括ATP敏感的K通道（KATP通道）、钠-葡萄糖协同转运体（SGLT）1、味觉受体通路；蛋白质刺激L细胞分泌GLP-1的机制可能为电压门控的Ca^2＋通道、Na＋-K＋-2Cl-同向转运体、促离子型1-氨基丁酸（GABA）受体、Na＋耦联转运体所致的细胞膜去极化；脂类物质刺激L细胞分泌GLP-1的机制可能与脂肪酸敏感的G蛋白耦联受体（GRPs）有关。

In response to the stimulation of nutrients, glucagon-like peptide-1 （GLP-1） is secreted from the intestinal epithelial L-cells, which is important to postprandial plasma glucagon modulation and appetite control. The nutrients include carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Carbohydrates stimulate GLP-1 release from L-cells by ATP-sensitive K ＋ channel（ KATP channel） ,sodium-glucose cotransporter（SGLT） 1 and taste receptor pathways. Proteins stimulate GLP-1 release from L-cells by plasma membrane depolarization which is initiated by voltage gated Ca2＋ -channels, Na＋ -K＋ -2Cl- cotransporters, ionotropic GABA receptor and Na＋ -coupled transporters, while lipids stimulate GLP-1 release from L-cells by fatty acids-sensitive G-protein coupled receptors.