小型反向式切桑机的研制及主要技术参数的优化试验

Development and Experimental Run of Small Scale Reverse-type Mulberry Leaf Chopper and Optimization Test of Main Technical Parameters

为提高蚕桑生产中切桑作业的工效和质量,满足小蚕共育规模化发展的需要,研制了一种小型反向式切桑机具。该机由独特结构的带齿形刀的刀辊、圆刀片组和定刀构成,三者之间的配合完成对桑叶横向和纵向切割,具有工效高、可保持桑叶新鲜度及造价低廉等特点。根据该机的切碎原理及工作过程,分析影响桑叶切碎质量的主要因素,通过对主要工作部件圆刀片组、刀辊的技术参数的分析及单因素试验,确定机具的最佳工作参数为:齿形刀与圆刀片组之间的间隙1.5～2.0 mm,齿形刀楔角12°,齿形刀厚度3 mm,圆刀片组转速1 000～1 200 r/min,刀辊转速650 r/min,输送带速度0.11 m/s。样机试用切桑工效达到400 kg/h,是人工切桑的12倍以上。

In order to improve the operation efficiency and quality of chopping mulberry leaves for sericultural production,especially for large scale cooperative rearing of young larvae,a novel small scale reverse-type mulberry leaf chopper has been developed.This device consists of a uniquely structured cutter roller with serrated blades,a round blade set,and a fixed blade.The cooperation of these three units leads to transverse and longitudinal cutting of mulberry leaves with high operation efficiency while maintaining good freshness of the leaves and having a low production cost.Based on the chopping principle and working process,the main factors that affect the cutting quality of mulberry leaves were analyzed.Analyses and single factor experiments to operating parameters of the main working parts（round blade set and cutter roller） showed that the optimal operating parameters are 1.5~2.0 mm gap between the round blade and serrated blade,12 angel of the serrated blade,3 mm thickness of the serrated blade,1 000~1 200 r/min rotating speed of the round blade set,650 r/min rotating speed of the cutter roller,and 0.11 m/s of the conveyer speed.The test run of model machine showed a cutting efficiency of 400 kg/h,being 12 times to that of manual cutting.