整只配网用避雷器大电流耐受能力试验研究

Test Research on High Current Withstand Capability of Surge Arrester Used in Distribution Power System

配网用避雷器一般采用复合外套避雷器,大电流耐受能力是制约避雷器性能的重要因素,为此,对此进行深入试验研究。根据标准要求,配网避雷器应通过65kA的大电流冲击耐受试验。但是实际试验结果表明:在电阻片大电流冲击耐受试验通过的情况下,装有相同电阻片的整只避雷器的大电流冲击耐受试验却难以通过。因此选用5家国内有代表性的电阻片生产厂生产的电阻片和整只避雷器为研究对象,对复合外套避雷器整只大电流冲击耐受能力进行了系统试验研究。研究表明,导致复合外套避雷器整只大电流冲击耐受能力下降的主要原因是工艺问题,其次是电阻片大电流通流能力不够,还有就是其内部绝缘件使用不当和质量差。试验还表明,采用管形结构设计的避雷器大电流耐受能力最好;大电流耐受能力不足是强雷地区配网避雷器故障率高的首要原因,而避雷器结构、工艺、制造质量及电阻片尺寸是主要制约因素。

High current tolerance is an important factor restricting arrester performance. We selected five representative resistor production factories and whole attester as the research objects, and experimentally researched the capacity of high current impulse of polymer surge arrester. The test results show that one reason which results in less withstand capability of large current of whole polymer surge arrester is less withstand capability of large current of the resistor. Its improper use of internal insulation parts and poor quality is another factor. Results also show the best tolerance of the high current is to use the tube design of the attester, poor high current tolerance is the predominate reason of arrester failure rate in strong lightning activity region, and the structure, process, manufacturing quality and resistor chip size are the main constraints.