石油污染土壤对玉米生长的影响及其生态毒性研究

Effect and Eco-toxicity of Maize Growth in Petroleum Contaminated Soil

以胜利油田石油污染土壤为供试土壤,通过温室盆栽试验,研究了四个不同浓度石油污染处理（0%,1%,5%和10%）对玉米生长的影响,测定了土壤呼吸强度以及一系列的土壤酶指标和植物指标。结果表明：试验土属滨海盐碱土。在盐碱化和石油污染的双重胁迫下,玉米的发芽率随着土壤石油烃浓度的升高呈先减小后增大的趋势,其根长、叶片数和植物高度均随着土壤石油烃浓度的升高而增大,土壤的呼吸强度随着石油烃浓度的升高而增大。经过20 d的修复,石油烃物质降解率为3.7%~9.8%。在各项指标中,玉米的根长、POD活性、P450含量和MDA含量等对各浓度污染土壤的毒性具有很好的响应和毒性指示作用。

Four treatments with different levels（a serial petroleum concentration of 0,1%,5% and 10% by dry weight）of petroleum contaminated soils from SLOF in Shandong Province were taken as tested soils to analyze the influence on maize by the measurement of soil respiration and a serial indexes of soil enzymes.Results showed the soils were saline-sodic soils.Root length,blade number,plant height and soil respiration were all increased and the germination percentage was first reduced and then increased along with the stress of sanility and increase of petroleum mass concentration.After 20-day phytoremediation of maize,total removal rates of petrochemicals were ranged from 3.7% to 9.8%.Among the eco-toxicological indexes,root length,POD,contents of P450 and contents of MDA could response the toxicity of contaminated soil and be selected as indicating parameters.