道家老子思想的历史背景初探

Preliminary Study about the Historical Background of Lao Tzu's Ideas

先秦时期的道家文献《老子》字数不多、字义晦涩、篇章之间存在脱节,无法形成一个完整、严密的思想体系,所以要从整体上去把握老子的思想存在一定的困难。思想不是凭空产生的而是特定历史背景下的产物,先秦道家学派开山鼻祖老子的思想也不例外。理解了老子思想产生的历史背景,就有利于准确地把握《老子》一书所要表达的意涵。有必要从三个方面来考察老子所处的历史背景:春秋时期的社会状况、隐士群体的兴起以及老子作为史官的特殊身份,以期通过这种考察使人们在解读《老子》时所作出的判断和分析更贴近老子的本意。

Lao Tzu was the book of Taoism in Chunqiu period.There are about 5000 words in this book and it＇s hard to understand these words and sentences.There must be historical background of all ideas,including the ideas of Lao Tzu＇s.We can understand the ideas of Lao Tzu by learning the historical background of Lao Tzu＇s ideas.I will research into the historical background of Lao Tzu＇s ideas from three aspects： the circumstances of society more than 2000 years ago,hermits and Lao Tzu as a historian.