论土地利用模式对城市郊区化的影响——以18、19世纪的伦敦为例

The Impact of the Pattern of Land Use on Suburbanization——London in the 18th and 19th Centuries

郊区化是城市化进程当中的一个重要阶段,是城市的政治、经济和文化发展到一定程度的产物,而城市土地利用模式的变化则是早期城市郊区化的一个直接动因。在18、19世纪,一些大城市的中心区日益成为零售业、手工业、金融业等经济活动的集中区,而市中心的居住功能则被大大削弱。一部分城市居民,尤其是有一定经济能力的人,追求更宽阔、更舒适的居住环境,向城市周边的郊区地带迁移。由此,城市边缘地带逐渐发展成为近代意义上的郊区,城市也进入了一个新的发展阶段。

Suburbanization is an important phase in the urbanization,which is the product of the development of urban politics,economy and culture.The change of pattern about land use is an olirect cause of early suburbanization.In some big cities in the 18th and 19th centuries,urban centers became the concentration of retail business,handicraft industry,banking,etc.,which was no longer the living center.Therefore,some people especially in rich urban dweller began to seek after more comfortable residence and move to suburbs around the cities.Then,these regions became suburbs in the modern sense and urbanization entered a new stage.