《左传》中“跪拜”义同义词群考察

Exploration on Words Group of Meaning "Bended Knees" in Zuo Zhuan

《左传》中出现表"跪拜"义的同义词语有"拜""揖""稽首""顿首""稽颡""拜稽首"6个。至少在《左传》所反映的时代里"跪"字还没有产生"跪拜"义,而"拜"字的这一义项此时已经基本发展成熟。"拜"和"揖"、"稽首"和"顿首"、"稽首"和"拜",它们之间存在着明显的差别,不能混为一谈。

The number of synonymous words of meaning ＂bended knees＂ appear in Zuo Zhuan is six, including ＂Bai（拜） ＂＂Yi（揖）＂＂ Qi Shou（稽首） ＂＂Dun Shou（顿首）＂＂ Qi Sang（稽颡）＂ and ＂Sai Qi shou （拜稽首）＂ During the periods depicted in Zuo Zhuan, at least ,the word ＇kneel＇ had not arisen the meaning of ＇ bended knees＇ , but the word ＂Bai （拜） ＂ of this meaning item had basically been developed at that time. Between ＂Bai（拜） ＂ and ＂Yi（揖） ＂, between ＂Qi Shou（稽首 ） ＂ and ＂Dun Shou（ 顿首） ＂, and between ＂Qi Sang（稽颡） ＂ and ＂Bai Qi shou（ 拜稽首） ＂, there exist obvious differences and should not be confused.