鄂东地区油菜施钾效果及其适宜用量!

Effects and optimum recommendation of potassium fertilizer for rapeseed in Eastern Hubei

2008-2009年度在湖北省武穴市以华双4号为试验对象,开展油菜不同钾肥用量大田试验,探讨钾肥施用对鄂东地区油菜生长发育、籽粒产量及其构成因素、养分吸收与累积和钾肥利用效率的影响,并建立肥效模型确定油菜的钾肥适宜施用量。结果表明:适量施钾有效促进油菜苗期的生长发育,利于安全越冬,并显著提高成熟期植株有效分枝数和单株角果数。钾肥施用量为180kg/hm2时,油菜的地上部干物质量、籽粒产量和钾素累积量均达到最大值,分别为10 410kg/hm2、2 791kg/hm2和235.7kg/hm2,施钾纯收益为1 967元/hm2。结合肥效模型及油菜施钾效果,确定在该试验条件下油菜钾肥推荐施用量为160kg/hm2。

Huashuang No.4 was selected to study the effects of potassium fertilizer on the whole stage of rapeseed growth including indexes of seedling stage,yield and yield components and finally to test the potassium uptake and use efficiency in the lab in Wuxue City,Hubei Province during 2008-2009.The optimum fertilizer application was calculated by establishing the model of economic region potassium.The results showed that the suitable application rate of potassium was helpful for the over-wintering stage of rapeseed seedling and significantly improved effective branches and pod numbers per plant.The results demonstrated that when the application of potassium was 180 kg/hm2,the total dry matter,seed yield and accumulation of potassium reached the largest which were 10 410,2 791 and 235.7 kg/hm2,respectively,and the net profit of K was 1 967 Yuan/hm2.Combining the model of fertilizer efficiency with the field trial,the optimum potassium fertilization rate of 160 kg/hm2 was recommended under the experimental field condition.