15个化杀杂交小麦亲本配合力和杂种优势群的初步研究

Study on the Combining Ability and Heterotic Grouping of 15 Parents for CHA Hybrid Wheat

为给小麦杂种优势利用提供依据,以15份普通小麦为材料,采用NCⅡ设计组配44个组合,研究了8个农艺性状的杂种优势和配合力。结果表明,杂种F1的杂种优势是普遍存在的,各性状大都表现出正向优势;周麦22、西农889、西农375和罗大穗316的产量性状一般配合力相对效应较高,参与组配的强优势组合较多。在44个杂交组合中,(D177×罗大穗316)、(周麦22×花培87-8)、(周98165×西农375)、(周麦22×西农889)、(周麦22×200(1)穗2)、(周麦22×郑育麦9987)、(周麦22×07常-261)、(周98165×西农889)、(周麦22×罗大穗316)、(周麦22×西农375)为强优势组合。利用普通小麦亲本8个性状的一般配合力将15份亲本划分为5类,直接以普通小麦亲本8个性状的表现值亦可将15份普通小麦划分为5类。

15 common wheat were used for the 4×11 incomplete diallel cross.The heterosis of each character,general combining ability and special combining ability were analyzed based on the data from field experiment and were used to classify heterotic groups by analyzing general combining ability of eight agronomic characters.The result indicated that the heterosis was ubiquitous and positive advantages were performed in most characters.Parents Zhou22,Xinong 889,Xinong 375,and Luodasui316 were good combiners and are involved to produce high yielding hybrids.The combinations of D177×Luodasui316,Zhou22×Huapei87-8,Zhou98165×Xinong375,Zhou22×Xinong889,Zhou22×200（1）sui2,Zhou22×Zhengyu9987,Zhou22×07Chang-261,Zhou98165×Xinong889,Zhou22×Luodasui316,Zhou22×Xinong375 performed better among 44 entries.Cluster analysis demonsrated the 15 wheat parents were divided into 5 groups by both general combining ability and the performance of eight characters.