灌水处理对不同筋型小麦籽粒灌浆特性及品质的影响

Effects of Irrigation on Grain Filling Characteristics and Quality of Wheat Varieties with Different Gluten Content

为了给优质小麦节水栽培提供依据,研究了灌水处理对不同筋型小麦籽粒灌浆特性及品质的影响。结果表明,灌水处理下不同筋型小麦籽粒灌浆过程呈"S"型变化趋势,经Logistic方程模拟,灌水处理对不同筋型小麦灌浆特性参数的影响存在差异。灌二水比灌一水处理提高了临优145和临优2018品种的灌浆参数,临优145灌浆参数的变异系数大于临优2018。灌二水处理中,临优145灌越冬+拔节水平均灌浆速率最高,临优2018灌返青+灌浆水平均灌浆速率最高。临优145和临优2018的粒重与最大灌浆速率出现时间和渐增期持续时间呈极显著与显著正相关。灌水次数对品质的影响因品种存在差异,强筋小麦品种临优145灌二水比灌一水加工品质性状改善,中筋小麦品种临优2018则相反,灌水时期上以浇拔节水使加工品质性状改善。因此,生产中可通过灌水推迟最大灌浆速率的出现时间及延长渐增期持续时间以增加粒重,并确保灌拔节水来改善加工品质。

The effect of irrigation on grain filling characteristics and quality of different wheat varieties were studied to provide theoretical basis to wheat-saving cultivation.Results showed that kernel weight change of all treatments along with time can be simulated by Logistic equation with S-like curve.There were differences between the two wheat varieties.Filling parameters of Linyou 145 and Linyou 2018 were improved by irrigated two times than once.The coefficients of variation（CV） of Linyou 145 were higher than those of Linyou 2018.Under two times irrigation,winter irrigation plus jointing irrigation to Linyou 145,and regreening irrigation plus filling irrigation to Linyou 2018 had the highest average filling rate apper time,respectively.Kernel weight and time of the max filling rate were significantly corelated with slowly increasing period under both Linyou 145 and Linyou 2018.Irrigation once to Linyou 145,and twice to Linyou 2018 could obtain high processing quality,respectively.Irrigation at jointing stage could obtain high processing quality under different irrigation time.Therefore,delaying max filling rate and prolong filling period by irrigation had important role on improving kernel weight and processing quality of wheat.