湖南猛洞河风景区河谷蕨类植物区系分析

Flora analysis of pteridophyte in Mengdong River scenic spot canyon of Hunan province

通过对猛洞河风景区河谷实地调查,研究了河谷内蕨类植物的区系组成、地理成分特点、与其他区系的关系等。结果表明:该地共有蕨类植物21科37属71种,以鳞毛蕨科、蹄盖蕨科、凤尾蕨科、金星蕨科、水龙骨科为优势科,以鳞毛蕨属、凤尾蕨属、卷柏属、毛蕨属为优势属,各科、属内的种数贫乏,寡种和单种科较多,一般生境下的大科在此受到抑制;地理成分以东亚分布类型为主,其次为热带分布,温带分布较少,并与亚洲热带、中国西南及华南、日本区系有着密切的联系,在中国特有分布类型中,没有特有分布属,但有特有种;本区系主要为本地起源,与武陵山区内的德夯风景区、佼木溪沟谷森林、小溪自然保护区、梵净山自然保护区有很大的相似性。

Through field investigation and data analysis in Mengdong River scenic spot canyon of Hunan province, the Characteristics of pteridophyte flora such as flora composition, geographical elements and relationships with other floras were studied in the paper. The results showed that there are 71 species of pteridophyte belonging to 37 generas and 21 families in the Mengdong River scenic spot canyon. The dominant families are Dryopteridaceae, Athyriaceae, Pteridaceae, Thelypteridaceae and Polypodiaceae, and the dominant generas are Dryopteris, Pteris, Selaginella, Cyclosorus. But within generas and families, the number of species is small. The large families under the general environment are inhibited here. The pteridophyte flora are dominantly eastern Asian elements, next comes tropical elements and then temperate elements. And the floristic components of this flora mainly originated locally which has close relationship with flora of tropical Asia, West and South of China and Japan and has great similarity to other floras, such as Dehang scenic spot, Jiaomuxi valley forest, Xiaoxi nature reserve, etc., which located in Wuling Mountain. It is an independent flora and its components should immigrate gradually from Wuling Mountain flora.