软命令与弱顺从——对罪犯心理咨询中建议提供与应答的会话分析

Gentle Order and Weak Compliance:Conversation Analysis of Advice Delivery and Response in Criminal Psychological Counseling

民警咨询师与罪犯求询者自身和相互的角色冲突与地位不一致决定了中国监狱场域中发生的心理咨询与标准的心理咨询之间必然存在诸多悖谬之处。如本应基于平等对话、协商、争论进行的"以面谈者为中心"的咨询建议提供与应答,却呈现出一种委婉克制的命令和暗含抵抗的顺从样式。本文采用会话分析的方法研究在心理咨询过程中民警咨询师何时和如何提供建议、罪犯求询者如何应对这些建议和寻求建议,从而剖视了监狱罪犯心理咨询中建议提供与应答的特殊图景。

The police counselor and inmate client＇s respective and mutual identity conflicts and power asymmetry determines that there exist many paradoxes between counseling in the context of prison and counseling in general sense. For example, advice and response, based on dialogue, negotiation and argumentation on equal footing, should have been client-centered, but turns into a pattern of order which is euphemistic and restrained and compliance which is implicit with resistance. By way of conversation analysis, this paper analyzes when and how police counselors deliver advice, and how inmate clients respond and seek advice with an aim to exploring specific characteristics of advice delivery and response in the process of criminal psychological counseling.