基层医院神经内科医院感染目标性调查与分析

目的为了探讨神经内科住院患者院内感染发生的特点及预防控制措施。方法采用目标性调查的方法,对2010年1月～2010年12月神经内科住院病人1309例临床资料进行调查分析。结果调查的1309例患者中发生院内感染有77例次,其中下呼吸道感染39例,泌尿道感染16例,上呼吸道感染6例,胃肠道感染4例,结膜炎4例,口腔感染4例,皮肤感染3例,败血症1例。调查显示年龄越大、住院时间长、基础病多发生感染的机会越多。不同脑血管病中出血性比缺血性的感染率高。有侵入性操作发生感染的机会也高。结论通过分析院内感染的部位及发生率、院内感染与原发病的关系、院内感染与患者年龄的关系、院内感染与住院时间的关系、院内感染与侵入性操作的关系、抗菌药物的使用,有效的预防控制的院内感染,从而降低科内医院感染的发生率。

Objective To discuss characteristic of hospital cross-infection in Neural Medical Department and probe into the measures of prevention and controlment of hospital cross-infection.Methods Using method of targetting some clinical cases,we analysed and investigated 1309 cases which infected hospital cross-infection during their hospitalization in Nueral Medical Department from Jan.2010 to Dec.2010. Results Among 1309 cases,there were 77cases which infected hospital cross-infection, which included 39 lower respiratory tract infection cases,16 urinary infection cases,6 upper respiratory tract infection cases,4 gestro-intestine infection cases, 4 conjunctivitis cases,4 oral infection cases,3 skin infection cases,1 sapremia cases. Research has shown that the older petient, the longer hospitalization,the worse condition of patient,the chances of having hospital cross-infection is higher.For example, the chance of having hospital cross-infection among cerebral-vascular haemorrhage cases is higher than cerebral-vascular ischemia cases.Meanwhile,invasive operation introduces the possibility of having hospital cross-infection. Conclution By means of analysing connections between hospital cross-infection and its taken place in human body ,percentage of catching infections,the duration of hospitalization,the performing of invasive operation,the using of antibiotics,we can conclude that prevention and controlment is an effective way to reduce the chance of having hospital cross-infection.