惠州市腹泻患者非伤寒沙门氏菌监测结果分析

Analysis on the Results of Monitoring of Nontyphoidal Salmonella in Diarrhea Patients in Huizhou

目的了解我市非伤寒沙门菌的流行基线，早期识别暴发疫情，分析流行因素，掌握我市在腹泻病人中分离的非伤寒沙门菌株的血清型别、分布、耐药性变化情况，指导临床用药。方法对2008—2009年惠州市监测医院的腹泻患者粪便标本进行非伤寒沙门氏菌检测，对分离到的菌株进行血清型、药物敏感性试验和脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）分型。结果两年共监测腹泻患者430例，检出沙门氏菌19例，阳性率为4．42％。19株沙门氏菌分布于5个血清型，以鼠伤寒沙门氏菌及肠炎沙门氏菌为主，分别占47．37％和26．32％。大多数沙门菌对常用的头孢类和喹诺酮类抗生素敏感。结论沙门氏菌是重要的肠道病原菌，病菌经口进人体内而致病，应加强相应的食品卫生监督与健康教育，宣传个人卫生防护知识，切实预防沙门氏菌感染。

Objective To understand the popular baseline of nontyphoidal salmonella in Huizhou city, to recognize the outbreak of epidemic situation early, and analyze epidemic factor. To understand the serotypes, distribution, and the change situation of medicine sensitivity of nontyphoidal salmonella separated from diarrhea cases, in order to instruct clinical medication. Method Stool specimens of diarrhea cases collected from surveillance hospital were detected for nontyphoidal salmonella from 2008 to 2009 in Huizhou; and the separated strains were further identified by serotypes test, medicine sensitivity test, and the pulse field gel electrophoresis （PFGE）. Results Among the 430 diarrhea cases monitored in the two years, 19 ones were infected by salmonella, with the positive rate of 4.42%.The 19 strains of salmonellas distributed in 5 blood serums; the main strains of which were Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis, accounting for 47.37% and 26.32% each. Most of the salmonellas were sensitive to antibiotic such as cephems and quinolones which were commonly used. Conclusion Salmonella is an important kind of enteric pathogenic bacterias; it gets in vivo by mouth and causes disease. The corresponding supervisions for food hygiene and the propaganda of health education such as the protection knowledge about personal hygiene should be strengthen, thus salmonella infection can be prevented in real earnest.