不同温度和水分小麦中不同谷蠹发生状态时二氧化碳变化研究

Concentration change of carbon dioxide in wheat plants infected with Rhyzopertha dominica under the conditions of different temperatures and moisture contents

[目的]研究不同储藏温度、粮食含水量条件下,粮食、微生物、储粮害虫谷蠹与二氧化碳浓度变化的对应关系,以期为通过检测气体监测害虫发生提供参考依据。[方法]在20、25、30℃下检测含水量分别为12%、13%和14%的小麦样品感染谷蠹后不同时间的二氧化碳浓度,并与自然带菌无虫和灭菌无虫小麦进行比较。[结果]在前期30 d中,感染害虫(10头/kg)的小麦中二氧化碳浓度明显大于自然带菌和灭菌无虫样品,其中12%含水量,25℃感染害虫小麦中二氧化碳浓度最高达2.676%,自然带菌样品中为0.214%,灭菌样品中为0.148%。二氧化碳浓度随温度升高及粮食水分增大而显著升高。[结论]二氧化碳浓度与粮食中害虫发生状况显著相关,一定条件下可通过检测二氧化碳浓度了解储粮粮情和害虫发生状态。

[Objective] The relationships among wheat, microorganism, Rhyzopertha dorninica （F.） and the concentration of CO2 at different storage temperatures and water contents of wheat were studied to provide a reference for predicting occurrence of pest by detecting CO2.[Method] The changes of carbon dioxide concentration in stored wheat that was infected by R. dominica were measured in 10 adults per kilogram, uninfected insects and sterilized grains under the conditions of 12%, 13% and 14% moisture contents and 20 ℃, 25 ℃, and 30 ℃, re- spectively. EResult] The results showed that carbon dioxide in infected pest grains was significantly more than that in sterilized and uninfected cereals. At 25 ℃, the top level of carbon dioxide was 2. 676% in the wheat infected by R. dominica at 12% moisture content, and 0. 214% in the uninfected wheat and 0. 148% in the sterilized cereal in 30 days. Carbon dioxide concentration was higher with the increase of moisture content and temperature. [-Conclusion] There was a significant relationship between infection and carbon dioxide concentration. The results indicated that the occurrence of insect pests might be predicted by monitoring the carbon dioxide concentration in stored grains.