广东省白背飞虱病原真菌的分离鉴定和培养

Isolation,identification and culture of entomopathogenic fungi from Sogatella furcifera in Guangdong Province

[目的]了解广东省白背飞虱（Sogatella furcifera）的昆虫病原真菌资源及其生物学特性。[方法]对从广东韶关市曲江区感染真菌病的白背飞虱中分离出的2种昆虫病原真菌进行了形态学鉴定，并测定了不同温度（10、15、20、25、30、35℃和37℃）和光周期（L／／D=24h／／0h和L／／D=0h／／24h）对2种虫生真菌生长的影响。[结果]寄生白背飞虱的2种虫生真菌经鉴定为大孢巴科霉（Balkoa major）和冠耳霉（Conidiobolus coronatus），对它们的形态特征进行了描述。生物学试验表明，2种真菌在15～30℃均可生长，生长速度随着温度升高而加快。在35℃冠耳霉生长速度开始下降，在37℃其生长速率接近于0。L／／D=24h／／0h和L／／D=0h／／24h2种光周期对2种真菌生长影响不显著。[结论]寄生白背飞虱的虫生真菌分别为大孢巴科霉和冠耳霉，其生长主要受温度影响。

[Objective] To understand the resources of entomopathogenic fungi on Sogatella furcifera in Guangdong Province and their biological characteristics. [Method] Two species of entomopathogenic fungi, isolated from mycosed adult S. furcifera in the Qujiang District of Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province, were morphologically described from their host insects and from microscopic preparations. The effects of seven different temperatures （10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 35 ℃ and 37 ℃） and two different photoperiods （L//D=24 h//0 h and L//D= 0 h//24 h） on radial growth of the two species of entomopathogenic fungi were studied in the laboratory. [Result] The two fungi species isolated from S. furcifera were identified as Batkoa major and Conidiobolus coronatus, based on morphological method. They could grow at 15--30 ℃, and their growth rates were enhanced as temperature increased. At 35 ℃, the growth rate of C. coronatus began to decrease. At 37 ℃, the growth rate was close to zero. Two different photoperiods insignificantly affected their radial growth. [Conclusion] The entomopathogenic fungi parasiting S. furcifera were mainly Batkoa major and Conidiobolus coronatus, whose growth were mainly affected by temperature.