百吨级工程车辆FOPS落锤冲击的动态仿真

Impact dynamic simulation for an extra-large engineering vehicle FOPS subjected to a drop hammer

应用动态显式有限元方法对百吨级工程车辆FOPS受落锤冲击整个过程的动态响应进行模拟研究,以某170吨电动轮矿用自卸车FOPS为例,建立了FOPS及落锤的有限元模型。讨论了边界条件及载荷的施加方法,分析了落锤冲击FOPS的能量转换规律、冲击力和FOPS冲击变形的规律,及顶板厚度、落锤质量对FOPS变形量的影响。结果表明:FOPS构件在落锤第一次冲击时产生塑性变形所吸收的冲击能量为10 343 J,占总能量的88.6%,FOPS最大变形未侵入DLV,满足国际标准的要求。顶板厚度对加载中心的变形量影响很大,顶板越厚,变形量越小,当顶板厚度小于2.4 mm时,FOPS不能满足要求,落锤质量对变形量影响较小。

By applying the explicit dynamic finite element method,the dynamic response of an extra-large engineering vehicle FOPS to a dropping hammer was simulated.A 170 tons electric wheel mining dump truck was taken as an example to illustrate the method through establishing its finite element model and applying boundary conditions and loads.The rule of energy conversion for the whole process,the impulse force form and the rule of impact deformation were analyzed.The rule of impact deformation variation with change of the thickness of the roof panel and the mass of the drop hammer was analyzed when impact energy was constant.The results indicated that the FOPS absorbs 10343J energy occupying 88.6% of the total energy during the first impact to produce plastic deformation;the FOPS structural component does not penetrate into DLV,meeting the requirements of internation standards;the influence of the thickness of the roof panel on the deformation of the impact center is great and the effect of the mass of the drop hammer is less;the impact deformation becomes smaller with increase in thickness and the FOPS is unqualified when the thickness of the roof panel is less than 2.4mm.