一系垂向悬挂对重载货车轮轨动力作用的影响

Optimization of Primary Vertical Suspension of Heavy Haul Freight Car

为了实现机车车辆低动力作用,基于车辆/轨道耦合动力学原理,应用车辆与线路最佳匹配设计方法和车辆/轨道空间耦合动力学模型,仿真分析了重载货车一系垂向悬挂对轮轨动力作用的影响,优化了一系悬挂参数,降低了重载货车轮轨动力的相互作用.研究结果表明:一系垂向刚度对车辆轮轨动力作用影响甚微,一系垂向阻尼在高量值范围增加阻尼值,减轻轨道结构的振动,加剧车辆本身振动;重载货车一系垂向阻尼取50～500 kN.s/m为宜.

The effects of the primary vertical suspension on the dynamic mechanics of heavy haul freight cars were analyzed by simulation to decrease dynamic wheel/rail interactions through optimizing the parameters of the primary vertical suspension.The vehicle-track coupling dynamics and the method of optimal matching design were applied in the simulation.The simulation results indicated that the primary vertical stiffness had little effect on the dynamic wheel/rail interactions;when at high values,the primary vertical damping decreased the vibrations of track structure,but increased those of car body;and the preferable primary vertical damping was 50500 kN·s/m.