乌鲁木齐市不同草地类型三年载畜量的变化及效益分析

Three Years'Change of Stocking Capacity of Different Types of Pastures near Urumqi and Its Analysis

【目的】预测不同草地类型载畜量,为草畜平衡提供技术支撑。【方法】以野外地面调查取样、室内分析结合为研究手段,对2006～2008年三年间乌鲁木齐市天山北坡中段天然草地垂直带7种主要草地类型的载畜量进行动态研究和生产效益进行分析。【结果】乌鲁木齐市7种典型草地类型草地群落的合理载畜量差异大,山地高草草甸草地合理载畜量最大,荒漠草原草地合理载畜量最小。三年中,气候变化决定了草地生产效益的最高年份。【结论】亚高山高草草甸草原的草地资源环境容量居于前列,亚高山低草草甸草原、草甸草原和干草原的草地资源环境容量居于其次,高寒草甸草原、荒漠草原和草原化荒漠居中,荒漠的草地资源环境容量最小。

[ Objective] The purpose of this study was to predict the stocking capacity of the different grasslands and provide technological knowledge for the balance of livestock. [ Method ] This study took the samples from the field investigation and analyzed them in the laboratory. A three year＇s dynamic research on the rational stocking capacity of the seven main types of grasslands in the vertical belts of the middle parts of Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountain near Urumqi was conducted. Furthermore, the production efficiency was analyzed meanwhile. [ Result] There was a great difference in the stocking capacity of the seven main types of grasslands near Urumqi ： the rational stocking capacity of mountain tall grass meadow was the largest, and the capacity of mountain desert steppe was the smallest. In addition, the climate change decided the production efficiency during the three years of research.