文化语境下的翻译策略

Translation Strategies in the Cultural Context

文学名著在我国被反复重译,每个时期的译本透露当时的语言、出版、文学风尚、读者要求和总的社会文化情况。同一作品的不同译本展示了不同译者的翻译策略。众所周知,译者并非处在一种理想化情形下,而是在不同的社会文化的背景中翻译。从文化差异的角度来说,翻译界一般存有两种对立的意见,即所谓"异化"(alienation)与"归化"(adaptation)。通过对比研究分别诞生于20世纪50年代和90年代的两部《傲慢与偏见》中译本,可以揭示译者在一定的文化语境下主要倾向于哪种翻译策略,"归化"还是"异化";及随着两种文化接触的日益频繁,"异化"的翻译策略是否最终会占上风。

Some literature classics have been translated in Chinese againand again.Different versions of the same literary work display the translators＇ strategies in translation.It is admitted that literary works arenot translated in a vacuum but in certain social and cultural conditions.From the cultural perspective,the translation field exist two main translation strategies— ＂Alienation＂ and ＂Adaptation＂.The analysis of two Chinese versions of Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austin,which were produced in the 1950s and 1990 srespectively,helps us to see how cultural context works on the translator＇s choice of translation strategies,＂Alienation＂ or ＂Adaptation＂;whether the ＂Adaptation＂ can gain the upper hand as the culture integration has been developing.