苏轼族类生命意识的来源与特征

The Source and Features of Clan Life Consciousness in Su Shi's Works

族类生命意识区别于"爱国"的政治概念,是人类所共有的,包括族类生存与发展双重含义,并可以脱离国家的政治依托而独立存在的文化概念。中国历史延续至宋代,与中原王朝跨入后期封建社会相对应,汉族与周边民族的政治军事关系开始出现了历史性的逆转,汉族在与周边民族争取政治生存空间的过程中逐步走向劣势。亲身经历着这一历史过程的苏轼在这种民族关系环境的刺激下,结合汉族原有传统中的族类生命观念,以及家学渊源,对汉族在当时的历史环境中的生存与文化发展的可延续性问题,给予了高度关注,并以其强烈的危机意识与不为空言的特点,诠释了他自己以汉族为本位的族类生命意识。尽管苏轼的这种族类生命意识在北宋时代还具有相当的历史局限性,但在今天世界文化交融日益紧密的形势下,对以"中华民族"为整体概念的宏观性族群与世界其他民族的交流,仍有一定的启发意义。

The clan life consciousness is different from the political concept of patriotism.It＇s a cultural concept common to mankind and it exists independently from the political concept of a state.When China entered into Song Dynasty,the central China came into the later stage of feudalist society,the relations between the peoples of Han nationality and the surrounding nationalities clans began to split historically,and during the process of competing for political survival,the Han nationality gradually slid into an inferior position.Su Shi,who experienced this historic process with the irritation of national relations,highly concerned about the issue of survival and sustained cultural development of Han nationality in that historic environment.With the clan life consciousness existed in traditional Han nationality and his profound paternal teaching and influence,he explained his clan life consciousness from his orientation as a Han people with his strong crisis awareness and practical-minded features.Although with historic limitations in the Northern Song Dynasty,there is still some enlightenment in Su Shi＇s clan life consciousness to the present life in the macroscopic view of Chinese Nation in the circumstances of globally cultural merging and communication with all nationalities in the world.