发酵基质含水率对牛粪好氧堆肥发酵产热的影响

Effect of Moisture Content of Substance on Fermentation and Heat Production of Cattle Manure in Aerobic Composting

以牛粪和玉米秸秆为原料进行好氧堆肥试验,采用氧弹量热法测定发酵产热量,研究堆肥原料不同初始含水率(物料初始含水率w分别为41%、50%、55%、65%和75%)对发酵产热的影响,以及堆肥过程中有机质损失与产热的关系。结果表明,在堆肥第3天各处理(除初始含水率75%处理)温度均达55℃以上,堆肥各处理均表现为前3 d有机质降解最快,热值损失最多。物料初始含水率为41%～65%时,发酵产热量与物料初始含水率呈显著正相关。初始含水率65%对堆肥最有利,有机质损失和总热值变化最大,有机质损失29.18%,总产热量为2 236 kJ.kg-1,若所产热量全部用于去除水分,可以使堆肥物料水分完全去除。

Effects of initial moisture content on energy release from fermentation of the mixture of cattle dung and corn stalks as medium in an aerobic composting experiment were investigated.Relationship between loss of organic matter and heat production in the process was studied.The experiment was designed to have 5 levels of treatments of initial water content,i.e.（1） 41%,（2） 50%,（3） 55%,（4） 65%,and（5） 75%,and heat was measured with oxygen bomb calorimetry.Results show that the temperature in the media rose and reached above 55 ℃ on D3 in all the treatments except Treatment 5.During the first three days,organic matter degraded the most rapidly and heat lost the most.In all the treatments except Treatment 5,heat production was positively related to initial moisture content.Treatment 4 was the most effective to activate aerobic composting,the highest in loss of organic matter,and the most variable in total heat.Its loss of organic matter reached up to 29.18% and total heat production 2 236 kJ·kg-1.If the heat generated was all used to remove the moisture of the substance,the medium could be completely dried up.