对社区慢性心力衰竭患者实施多学科团队健康教育的效果评价

Effect of Multi-disciplinary Team Health Education on Patients with Chronic Heart Failure in Community

目的探讨对社区慢性心力衰竭患者实施多学科团队健康教育的效果。方法以太原市某社区的48例慢性心力衰竭患者为研究对象,进行6个月科学系统的多学科团队健康教育。具体内容包括建立慢性心力衰竭专案,成立多学科健康教育团队,采用5步法进行具体实施等。结果经过6个月的健康教育综合干预,患者在心力衰竭知识合格率、遵医服药、控制摄盐量、自测血压、自测脉搏方面取得较好的干预效果(P<0.05),但在吸烟、饮酒、运动方面改善不明显。结论社区慢性心力衰竭的多学科团队健康教育可有效改善患者的心力衰竭知识合格率、行为、部分不良生活方式,但某些不良行为(如吸烟、饮酒)短期内很难纠正,并且患者不能坚持适量运动。因此,多学科团队健康教育应持久开展和进一步加强,以更好地提高患者的自我管理能力及健康行为依从性。

Objective To explore the effect of muhi-disciplinary team health education on patients with chronic heart failure in community. Methods A 6-month systemic multi-disciplinary team health education, which included establishing chronic heart failure project, setting up a multi-disciplinary team of health education, 5-step implementation, etc, was provided for altogether 48 patients with chronic heart failure in a community in Taiyuan. Results After 6 months of comprehensive health education, patients performed better in drug compliance, reducing salt intake, self-monitoring of blood pressure and pulse rate and their knowledge of heart failure was improved apparently, while patients presented no improvement in smoking, drinking and exercise. Conclusion Community multi-disciplinary team health education is effective for patients with chronic heart failure in changing some unhealthy lifestyles. However, some unhealthy lifestyles （such as smoking, drinking） still remain in the short term. Patients＇ self-management ability and health behavior compliance should be improved and promoted with long-term health education.