基于GIS的关中猕猴桃气候生态适宜性区划

Climate Ecological Applicability Regionalization for Kiwifruit Based on GIS in Guanzhong of Shaanxi Province

随着农业产业结构调整,关中猕猴桃种植区不断扩大。为科学、合理利用当地气候资源,进一步优化产业结构,达到趋利避害、防灾减灾的目的,根据猕猴桃气候生态特征,在分析猕猴桃生长环境对气候条件要求的基础上,利用陕西关中地区近30年的气候资料,以年平均气温、无霜期、年降水量作为区划因子,确定分区指标;采用GIS技术及模糊综合评判方法,将关中划分适宜区、次适宜区、不适宜区,并对各区的生态气候条件进行评述。结果表明,关中猕猴桃适宜区主要分布在秦岭北麓至渭河北岸29县(区、市)海拔1200m以下以及韩城市城区周边海拔700m以下区域。

The planting area of kiwifruit is increasing with the adjusting of agriculture industry structure in Guanzhong,Shaanxi Province.In order to provide advices of using agriculture climate resources scientifically and reasonably,optimizing industry structure and finding the best way to reduce the loss caused by natural disaster to administrator.Based on the characteristic of kiwifruit growth and 30 years climate data of Guanzhong region of Shaanxi Province,the climate suitability conditions of planting kiwifruit trees in this region were analyzed.Annual mean temperature,frost-free period and annual precipitation were selected to be the climatic regionalization indices.The spatiality of each regionalization index was built by the method of spatial analyst and mapping tools in GIS.Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method were used to classify the suitability planting area for kiwifruit planting in Guanzhong areas of Shaanxi Province as the climate optimum suitable,less suitable and unsuitable area.Ecological climate conditions in each area were also discussed.The results indicated that the suitability planting region for kiwifruit located from the foot of the north slope of Qinling to the north bank of Weihe River,related to twenty nine counties which elevation was below 1200 m,and Hancheng County which elevation was below 700 m.