贝类中致病微生物的检测技术及其组织分布

Distribution and detection of pathogens in shellfish-A review

贝类是食源性致病微生物的重要传播载体之一,因食用贝类导致食源性疾病的发病率逐年升高。因此,贝类食用安全监测与控制成为食品安全研究的重点。近几年,笔者在贝类中主要致病微生物分子检测、累积分布和控制等方面开展了一系列研究。本文结合国内外的研究进展,对贝类中致病微生物的检测方法、组织分布、净化以及流行病学等方面展开论述。综合国内外研究结论发现,分子检测方法已成为贝类中致病微生物检测的主要手段。另外,贝类中致病微生物主要累积富集在鳃组织和消化腺(包括肠胃和消化盲囊)中,这为致病微生物的检测靶向性提供了理论指导。

Shellfish is one of important vehicles for dissemination of food-borne pathogens.The incidence of food-borne diseases increases every year.Therefore,monitoring and control on the food safety of shellfish is a significant public health concern worldwide.In recent years,our group has studied the pathogens in molecular detection,bioaccumulation and control in shellfish.Based on the our previous studies,the purpose of this article was to provide a review on the pathogens in shellfish in four aspects： the detection methods,distribution,depuration and epidemiology.The molecular methods were widely used in detection of pathogens in shellfish.In addition,the pathogens were bio-accumulated in the gills and digestive glands,including stomach and digestive diverticula,which are good candidate sites for detection of pathogens.