舟山海岛废弃采石场人工植被恢复

Vegetation restoration in deserted quarry of zhoushan island

在矿山人工植被恢复过程中,人工植被恢复坡面植物的状况能很好的反应出工程的恢复效果.选取浙江舟山具有代表性的庆丰采石场为主要研究对象,对人工恢复坡面植物群落、周边原生植被以及土壤物理性质进行观察,研究表明,豆科及禾本科植物适合作为先锋物种进行早期人工恢复坡面的水土保持,且在群落中占据着主要的优势;在植被演替过程中,菊科及禾本科植物入侵明显,但是周围灌木、乔木的乡土种较难入侵;随着时间的进行,草本植物种类显著增加,群落多样性增加,坡面生态系统日趋稳定,其中坡中、坡下的植被恢复效果明显优于坡上;坡度对于植被恢复效果起到重要作用,当坡度大于55°时,需要采用挡土翼等辅助工艺来增加坡面的稳定性.

The situation of botanys on the slope can reflect the effect of vegetation restoration,during the process of vegetation recovery. Taking the Qingfeng deserted qrarry as the research object, through observing the vegetation situation of deserted slope, the results showed that, the leguminous plants and gramineous plants are suitable for being pioneer plant and dominant in community;while vegetation succession,many compositae and gramineous species invaded, but no nanophanerophytes and magaphanerophytes ;with time goes by,the herbaceous species and diversity increased gradually,so, the ecosystem became more stable;the gradient is important for revegetation,when the gradient is more than 55,it is necessary to take some assistant methods to increase the stability of slope, for example, Rock wing technics.