中国民众意识与明清秘密教门的滋生和发展

The Public Consciousness and the Emergence as well as Development of Folk Religious Sects in Ming and Qing Dynasty

本文从广泛存在于明清时期基层社会的民众意识,探讨明清时期民间秘密宗教在基层社会中如何巧妙结合并利用民众意识,实现自身的生存与发展。笔者在探讨中,侧重结合民众意识从关于信仰诉求、医疗诉求和自身社会地位诉求等几方面因素出发,勾勒出民众意识与民间教派结合互动的动态图景,从宏观层面探讨明清时期在朝廷严厉禁止和打压下,秘密教派与乡土社会的深刻联系,表现出"非常态"的秘密教门在基层社会常态化运转的实际情况。

The public consciousness existed widely in the grass-root unit society of Ming and Qing dynasty.In the thesis the writer explores how mystery religions have achieved their survival and development in the low-class unit society by via of combining and using the public consciousness skillfully.More stress has been placed on the massive people＇s appeal for religious faith,better medicare as well as social status.It is aimed at picturing the interaction between the public awareness and oppressed strictly by the two dynasties＇ and the rural society.In the macro level the author also explores the deep connection between folk religious sects which were prohibited and oppressed.And it shows that what really happened to the religions in abnormal state and how it existed in the grass-root unit society in normal state.