鸿都门学与鸿都文学

Hongdumen School and Hongdu Literature

没有鸿都门学也就没有后来的建安文学、黄初文学、正始文学直至隋唐文学的发展和繁荣,所以鸿都门学及其鸿都文学对后世文学的发展产生着重要的影响,有着重大的历史意义。鸿都文学可考者有乐松、任芝、贾护、江览、郗俭、梁鹄、师宜官等七人。在学风方面,鸿都文学的出现反映了儒学的衰微,文艺的兴起,预示着文学从经学中独立出来,为建安文学的繁荣和文学自觉作了铺垫。在士风方面,鸿都门学的创立促使了文士对儒学之外的辞赋以及琴棋书画等各种文艺基本素质的追求,使文士认识到文学同样能够博取功名利禄和官爵,而这正是"文章乃经国之大业,不休之盛世"观念的先导。在文风方面,鸿都文学提倡的尺牍辞赋及其要旨,影响着后来建安文学辞赋的兴盛和建安文学的性灵化、通俗化。

Without Hongdumen School there are not subsequent Jian＇an Literature,Huangchu Literature,Zhengshi Literature and Suitang Literature.We can make a thorough inquiry on Hongdu Literature via Le Song,Ren Zhi,Jia Hu,Jiang Lan,Xi Jian,Liang Hu and Shi Yiguan.As for style of study,Hongdu Literature reflects the declining of Confucianism and the rising of literatue and art,predicting literature＇s independence from economics.As for scholar style,the foundation of Hongdumen School makes scribes＇s pursuit for something except Confucianism.As for style of writing,Hongdu Literature affects the spirit and popularization of Jian＇an Literature.