舰员上舰时间与晕船程度、生活质量的关系研究

Relationship between the duration of stay onboard the vessel and seasickness seriousness and life quality

目的 了解某部舰员上舰时间与晕船程度、生活质量的关系。方法 采用随机整群抽样法，选取某部舰员568名，应用世界卫生组织生活质量测定量表简表（WHOQOL-BREF）和舰员基本情况调查表进行问卷调查。晕船程度采用国际常用的晕船评分标准，分为不晕船、轻度晕船、中度晕船和重度晕船4个等级。结果 舰员晕船程度的轻重与上舰时间的长短之间存在显著相关（P＜0.01）。舰员生理领域得分（62.91±13.44、62.51±17.06、60.99±14.06、56.67±15.32）与上舰时间长短呈显著负相关（P＜0.01），而心理领域和环境领域得分与上舰时间长短呈显著正相关（P＜0.01）。结论 是否为独生子女、学历、婚姻状况、所在部门、上舰时间和晕船程度等因素对水面舰艇官兵生活质量影响程度较大。上舰时间越长，晕船程度越轻。加强新舰员（上舰时间≤2年）心理教育，关注老舰员（上舰时间＞2年者）生理健康，提高抗晕船能力等措施，有利于提高舰员的生活质量水平。

Objective To study the relationship between the duration of stay onboard the vessel and seasickness seriousness and life quality. Methods Random cluster sampling method was used to select 568 subjects from a certain naval unit. Then, questionnaires were conducted with the Quality of Life-BREF recommended by WHO and the Basic Data Inquiry among the said ship crew. The seasickness seriousness was classified by using the International Seasickness Classification Standards. Four grades were set： nonseasickness, mild seasickness, moderate seasickness and severe seasickness. Results Significant correlation could be seen between seasickness seriousness and duration of stay onboard the vessel （ r =0. 881 ）. There was significant correlation negatively between the physical domain scores and the duration of stay onboard （P 〈0. 01 ）, whereas the psychological and environmental domain scores were positively correlated with the duration of stay onboard （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions Such factors as the status of being the only son in the family, educational level, marital status, the duration of stay onboard and seasickness seriousness had more important effect on the quality of life among the commissioned and enlisted. The longer they stayed onboard, the less serious the seasickness wound be. Psychological education should be intensified on the new ship crew （ duration of stay onboard the vessel ≤ 2 years）. Attention should be paid to physiological status of the old ship crew （duration of stay onboard the vessel 〉2 years）. And measures should also be taken to prevent seasickness All this would be helpful to improving the life quality of the ship crew.